What Is the Rate of Relapse for Substance Abuse?
Understanding Relapse While we hope for a total recovery for anyone with substance use disorders, the unfortunate fact is that many will experience relapse. Relapse means the return of a medical condition after successful treatment. When someone goes back to substance abuse after recovery and a period of abstinence, that’s substance abuse relapse. If you or any of your loved ones have received treatment for substance use disorder, then there is a 40 to 60% chance of experiencing relapse. This relapse rate percentage is high. That’s why we must understand the reasons behind relapse and what we can do to prevent it. Why Do People Relapse On Drugs? “Why do addicts relapse?” you may wonder. No addiction recovery treatment can take away one’s freedom to choose. For many individuals who have received treatment for substance use disorders, a battle continues to rage in their minds. This is because the substance never completely loses its appeal; there will always be an urge to relapse. Relapse Risk Factors Several factors and conditions may trigger substance abuse relapse. These include: Peer Pressure: When people around you abuse the substance you have received treatment for, maintaining abstinence becomes an uphill task. Gradually, your resistance to such substances may begin to taper. Stress: Life can get fast-paced and unpredictable. In these moments, you are likely to fall back to the substance. Stress could come from a challenging home, school, or work environment. Depression: Depression could also induce relapse. During these periods, you may feel a heightened need for the substance. Failure to Follow Recovery Routines: Several recovery routines aim to guide you through abstinence. For example, failure to continue a twelve-step program or attend addiction support group meetings could leave you vulnerable. Group meetings provide peer support to maintain abstinence. Withdrawing from these programs could lessen your sense of responsibility and lead to a relapse. How Common Are Relapses? Drug relapse statistics have revealed a worrying trend in alcohol and drug abuse relapse rates. 65% to 70% of persons who experience substance abuse relapse do so within the first ninety days after treatment. What Do Relapse Rates Indicate? While we may be alarmed by the drug and alcohol relapse rate, relapse isn’t an indication of failure. Relapse should be embraced as part of the recovery process. People who experience relapse are closer to achieving permanent abstinence, but only if they refuse to throw in the towel. What is the Rate of Relapse for Substance Abuse? Relapse rates after rehab or treatment vary for different substances. Also, abstinence periods are not the same for people who experience substance abuse relapse. What Percentage of Patients Will Relapse In The First Year? 85% of people who have received treatment for substance abuse disorders suffer a relapse after the first year. However, each type of abused substance does not contribute equally to relapse statistics. Relapse rates by drug type are as follows: Alcohol: The likelihood of relapse among persons who have received treatment for alcohol use disorder is between 50% to 90% Heroin: The likelihood of relapse among persons who have received treatment for heroin addiction is about 75%. Cocaine: The likelihood of relapse among persons who have received treatment for cocaine addiction is about 73.1%. Methamphetamine: The likelihood of relapse among persons who have received treatment for methamphetamine addiction is 91% How You Can Avoid Substance Abuse Relapse Avoiding substance abuse relapse is possible. The first step is not to underestimate the possibility of relapse. While it isn’t healthy to fill your mind with a relapse consciousness, it is also important that you do not let your guard down. Below are steps you should take to ensure substance abuse relapse prevention. Monitor Signs and Symptoms of Relapse Relapse can occur at any time after recovery. Therefore, it is important to arm oneself in advance. One way to fortify oneself against relapse is to monitor for the signs and symptoms of relapse. Even though relapse seems to take individuals unawares, the signs of a possible relapse usually show way before it begins. Persons who have abstained from substances must be sensitive enough to spot these signals. First, list the circumstances that have induced substance use in the past. These may include stress, company, and depression. Most importantly, pay keen attention to the signs of relapse, which manifest in three stages. Create An Effective Relapse Prevention Plan As an individual progresses through the stages, the chances of relapse increase. For this reason, it is crucial to start early. Creating a relapse prevention plan before or immediately after addiction treatment. Better still, enroll in addiction treatment centers that provide robust relapse prevention programs Types of Relapse There are various types of relapse: emotional, mental, and physical. These will be detailed below. Emotional Relapse At this stage, the individual feels overconfident and dismissive of the possibility of a relapse. While there isn’t any urge to fall back to the substances yet, the individual may begin to neglect certain precautions and restrictions. Indications of Emotional Relapse The individual may begin to expose themselves to situations and environments that could encourage relapse. Signs of emotional relapse include: Overconfidence Poor eating and sleeping habits Isolation Frequent absence from group meetings Lack of contribution to group meeting activities Easing restrictions and flouting precautions. Mental Relapse At the stage of mental relapse, contentions begin to develop. The individual begins to rationalize or consider a return to substance use. These include the temptation to attempt slight use or contemplations that substance use may not be as bad as it seems. Signs of mental relapse include: Contemplating substance use Rationalizing substance use Downplaying the effect of substance use Setting money aside for substance purchase Physical Relapse At the stage of physical relapse, the individual has caved in to pressure. After attempting slight use, the individual quickly graduates to heavy use. Signs of physical relapse include: Slight use Heavy use Get Help for Relapse Prevention at San Diego Detox If you want to stop substance abuse, there is a
What Are the Benefits of Relapse Prevention Programs
Understanding Relapse A relapse is a deterioration in an individual’s state of health after a period of improvement or recovery. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, relapses in addiction are common among individuals who have also been treated for other health conditions such as high blood pressure and asthma. A relapse does not always indicate treatment failure either, but serves as a signal for resuming, changing or starting new treatment. Common Relapse Causes Relapses are especially common in cases of addiction and substance abuse. However, it is considered a natural path in the complex recovery process when appropriately handled. Relapse in substance abuse and addiction commonly occur in response to a relapse risk, which could be places where substances are being abused, an advertisement for alcoholic beverages, or people who are also involved in substance abuse. In addition, negative emotional states like depression or anger and social pressure are also common relapse reasons. Relapses also occur in three distinct stages known as the emotional, mental, and physical stages of relapse. The History of Relapse Prevention The relapse prevention model was introduced around three decades ago and has become the best model so far for addiction treatment and substance abuse relapse prevention. The relapse prevention model, which was proposed by Marlatt and Gordon, suggests that primary determinants like high-risk situations and a person’s family or social background can contribute to relapse. The model incorporates relapse prevention strategies that involve identifying each individual’s high-risk situation and enhancing their coping skills for relapse prevention. Coping skills for relapse prevention are a vital component of relapse prevention plans, as the ability to cope with life’s problems is proposed to impact the likelihood of relapse. What Are Relapse Prevention Programs? A relapse prevention program helps provide a prevention plan consisting of techniques, activities, and prevention tools to reduce relapse risk factors and build protective behaviors. These relapse prevention programs assist individuals in setting up their own relapse prevention plan templates. In addition, a relapse prevention program helps individuals to identify and address early warning signs and potential risks for substance use or addiction relapse. Relapse prevention programs also help individuals gradually implement coping skills that can help prevent relapse. How to Create A Relapse Prevention Program? Creating a relapse prevention program requires certain planning levels, and it works better with professional help. Therefore, it is essential to have relapse prevention plans that are needed in creating a relapse prevention program. Such techniques may include: Self-assessment and self-reflection Recognizing and identifying early warning signs Healthy lifestyle strategies Development of healthy coping skills What Are the Limitations of Relapse Prevention Programs? Limitations of relapse prevention programs are factors that could influence and possibly hinder the results of the program. These limitations include the following: Relapse prevention strategies may not be suitable for people with more complex or chronic health disorders or learning difficulties A relapse prevention program requires full cooperation from the patient; without it, there is not much a therapist can do Relapse prevention programs can be time-consuming What Are the Benefits of Relapse Prevention Programs? There are many varied benefits of relapse prevention programs. These include: Building Awareness Relapse prevention program help individuals build the ability to identify high-risk situations and probable risks that could cause a relapse. A relapse prevention program allows an individual to notice the early signs and develop skills to prevent a possible relapse. Developing Coping Skills Studies have shown that the ability to deal efficiently and effectively with life’s problems by developing the right coping skills can reduce the risks of relapse. Furthermore, these coping skills can be self-taught or help from the right personnel through efficient relapse prevention programs. Planning for Emergencies Going through a relapse prevention program helps individuals know all about their potential risks and guide their reactions when they find themselves in high-risk situations. Assessing and Reinforcing Confidence Relapse prevention programs help individuals get involved in prevention activities like support groups which help boost their confidence to return to society after rehabilitation. Cognitive Restructuring Cognitive restructuring is a strategy that slowly helps people change their beliefs and thinking patterns. This reduces the impact of an unhelpful thinking style on a person’s lifestyle. Participation in adequate relapse prevention programs teaches an individual to be able to use cognitive restructuring techniques in daily activities, helping reduce stress and improve the quality of sleep. Other Benefits Relapse prevention programs will enable an individual to access various forms of therapy like individual relapse prevention therapy and family or group therapy. These therapy programs help people live their life without being defined by substance use addiction. What Can Be Included in Relapse Prevention Programs? There are multiple different aspects that can be included in relapse prevention program, and these often depend on each person. These will be detailed below. Potential Risks Relapse risks can differ for everyone; they could be internal (stress, anger) or external (people or places). Identifying risks can be included in relapse prevention programs to make patients aware of these risks and help them reduce the chances of relapse. Management Plan for Cravings A craving is the tendency or compulsion to abuse substances and is common in substance use disorders and addiction. Several studies have shown cravings can cause relapses. Relapse prevention programs can include a relapse prevention plan to manage cravings. Relapse Prevention Tools These include mind-body relaxation and cognitive therapy, and these tools are used to develop healthy coping and relapse prevention skills. Relapse prevention programs can incorporate using these tools to help avoid relapse. Support Groups Peer support can be essential in relapse prevention because of the similarities that members of the same support group share, leading them to feel less lonely. Relapse prevention programs can include support groups to achieve the program’s purpose. Lifestyle Improvements Making a few lifestyle improvements such as exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, relaxing, seeking new hobbies, and making new friends can help keep an individual from relapse. Continued Therapy For individuals in recovery, life after
Top 10 Relapse Prevention Skills
A relapse is when someone who has overcome an addiction falls back into usage. More generally, it’s when a condition that had been improving starts to deteriorate. When a person who used to abuse alcohol or other substances resumes their addictive behavior after abstaining from it for a while, this is referred to as relapsing. Relapses can be frequent or even anticipated, and those trying to overcome addiction are likely to experience one or even several relapses before finally quitting. According to the stages-of-change model, people will cycle through a pattern of avoiding, thinking about quitting, actually stopping, and then relapsing. Before giving up, some people go through the stages multiple times. Why Does Relapse Happen? For a long time, people have believed that addiction is a choice rather than an illness. However, drug or alcohol addiction is influenced by environmental, biological, and behavioral variables. The brain is altered by substance misuse over time as well. Some addiction specialists have compared it to the brain being “taken over” by alcohol or narcotics. Abuse of drugs affects the brain’s reward system. When individuals act in a manner that supports their survival and is healthy, the brain rewards them. A brain that has experienced substance addiction thus rewards individuals by asking for more alcohol and drugs. The “rewiring” of some of the functional and structural components of the brain causes it to assume that it is dependent on substances to survive. This causes those with previous substance abuse issues to frequently relapse. Why are Relapse Prevention Skills Important? Learning how to live a happy life in recovery requires knowledge of relapse prevention coping skills. One can learn to use these coping mechanisms one day at a time to avoid relapsing and lead a fulfilling life beyond their expectations. Getting sober from alcohol or other drugs involves personal development and developmental stages. Relapse risk exists at every level of recovery; therefore, learning and understanding relapse prevention techniques is crucial. What Are the Signs of Relapse in Addiction? Symptoms of relapse in addiction can be grouped into three separate types. These will be detailed below. Signs of Emotional Relapse Although people are not actively considering using drugs at this point, their actions and feelings may increase their risk of doing so in the future. They are determined not to experience another relapse after their previous one. Denial plays a significant role in emotional relapse because individuals aren’t consciously considering using it at this point. The following are signs of emotional relapse: Not attending group meetings Isolating Bottling up emotions Signs of Mental Relapse In this stage, people are contemplating taking the substance, and some may even start to miss the people and environments they once associated with substance use. The person’s cognitive resistance to relapse decreases as they sink further into mental relapse and become more desperate for escape. Common signs of mental relapse include: Craving for drugs or alcohol Thinking of schemes to better control using Thinking about people, places, and things associated with past use Looking for relapse opportunities Signs of Physical Relapse The actual act of resuming drug abuse is known as a physical relapse. A lapse is the initial use of alcohol or drugs, while a relapse is the return to uncontrolled abuse of substances. A lapse and relapse are two terms used by some researchers to describe physical relapse. The majority of physical relapses are opportunity relapses. They happen when the person believes others might not catch them. Factors That May Affect Any Relapse Prevention Strategy The following are factors that may affect any relapse prevention strategy: Environment For many addictive behaviors, long-term abstinence rates are substantially correlated with positive social support and environment. The level of support provided by individuals around an addict is the best predictor of abstinence. Negative social support, such as interpersonal conflict and peer pressure to use drugs, has been linked to an increased chance of relapse. Substance abuse is more likely to occur in families where negative behaviors are present. Level of Motivation Both the drive to engage in the problematic behavior and the motivation to change one’s behavior positively might have an impact on the relapse process. This exemplifies the problem of ambivalence faced by several individuals trying to change addictive behavior. Motivational interviewing can facilitate the process of encouraging change. The Severity of a Person’s Addiction Relapse prevention coping skills may be impacted by the extent of an individual’s addiction. Individuals risk relapsing if appropriate treatment techniques are not used in accordance with the severity of their addiction. Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions A person who is addicted may relapse due to underlying or common mental health issues like PTSD, bipolar illness, and other mental disorders. The relapse prevention technique may be affected if effective treatment for mental health disorders is not included in treatment plans. Other Factors Several less evident factors also influence the relapse process. Lifestyle factors, including general stress levels, and anxiety levels, are among these other causes. Top 10 Relapse Prevention Skills Skills that aid in reducing the chances of relapsing include: 1. Know Your Potential Risks Anxiety, tension, and low self-esteem are internal risks of potential relapse, while people, places, or things that bring up unpleasant memories are examples of external triggers. An effective technique to become aware of one’s risks and lower the chance of relapsing is to list these internal and external causes. 2. Self-Care During recovery from addiction, sleeplessness and exhaustion are frequent post-acute withdrawal symptoms that might serve as relapse risks. One can enhance sleep quality by engaging in physical activity and maintaining a healthy diet. This will assist in retraining the body to sleep more soundly while also lowering the risk of relapse 3. HALT HALT stands for Hungry, Angry, Lonely, and Tired. Individuals should ask themselves whether they are experiencing any of these symptoms, have a craving to use, or are feeling anxious. For many alcoholics and addicts in recovery, hunger, anger, loneliness, and exhaustion are the most frequent risks
How to Deal With a Partner Who Relapsed? What Do You Do?
Relapses in Relationships Relapse is a ubiquitous word when it comes to substance misuse. Addiction affects the brain in ways that change chemical balances and cause the body to become dependent on a substance, making recovery and maintaining sobriety difficult. Brain imaging studies have shown that addiction can cause physical changes in the brain, altering memory, learning, decision-making, and impulse control.1 Therefore, these changes in the brain increase the likelihood of relapse. In fact, 40% to 60% of people recovering from a substance use disorder will relapse at least once. Even though it is common for relapse to occur in recovery, this event can be difficult for people living with the relapsed person. If you are living with a relapsed partner, problems may arise in your relationship, and you may find it difficult to adapt. Nonetheless, with a proper guide and professional help, you and your partner can live healthy and substance-free lives.2 Understanding the Relapse Process Understanding the process of relapse is key to supporting a partner effectively. Relapse often unfolds in three stages: emotional, mental, and physical. Emotional relapse happens first, where stress and unresolved emotions can subtly lead to cravings. Mental relapse involves battling conflicting thoughts about staying sober versus using again. Finally, physical relapse is when the individual actively uses the substance again. By recognizing these stages early, you can help your partner address the underlying issues before they escalate, potentially preventing a full relapse. Warning Signs of Relapse Relapse doesn’t happen suddenly. Most times, there are hints or signs that someone is going to fall back to addiction. Knowing these signs might help you avoid it before your partner breaks their sobriety streak. The warning signs of relapse include: Constant lying Secretive behaviors Isolation Reminiscing about past drug use or experiences Expressing a desire for drugs Poor eating and sleeping habits Missing therapy appointments Frequent contact with friends who misuse substances Common Reasons for Addiction Relapse One of the most common reasons for relapse is stress. According to research, cravings or the urge to use a substance increases in the presence of stress.3 Understanding the common reasons for relapse can provide guidance on what to say to someone who wants to relapse. This way, you may be able to talk to your partner from a place of understanding. Some of these reasons include: Stress Unrealistic expectations Having the substance of abuse or paraphernalia of the substance around People and places that remind them of the addictive behavior Challenging emotions Occasions or times of celebration Financial problems Suspecting a Relapse and Confirming it If you notice some of the warning signs of relapse and suspect that your partner has slipped, you must confirm it before taking any action. Some people may come clean to their partner and tell them they relapsed; however, fear and disappointment can hinder someone from telling the truth to their partner. If the latter is the case, you may need to approach your partner using assertive communication skills. This means that while you are firm and direct in your questions, you still consider your partner’s feelings and ask in a way free of judgment. How to Know if Your Partner Has Relapsed If you’re close to your partner, you may notice signs that suggest they relapsed. These include secretive behaviors, manic-like behaviors, and the symptoms associated with the substance of abuse like bloodshot eyes, smaller or larger pupils, weight loss, etc. Educate yourself on addiction, the symptoms of substance abuse, and specific signs and symptoms tied to the substance of your partner’s addiction. This way, you will be more conscious of what to watch out for. Also, try assertive communication as mentioned above. When you confirm that your partner relapsed, you can take the necessary steps to deal with the situation. What to Do After Confirmation of Your Spouse Relapse If you are in a situation where your drug addict husband relapsed, you may feel terrified and confused about how to handle the situation. Perhaps you are asking yourself, “My boyfriend relapsed, what can I do about it?” or even “My boyfriend relapsed, should I leave?” Expert advice on what to do when your partner relapses will be detailed below. Be Patient and Supportive The first answer to the question of how to deal with a recovering drug addict husband is to be patient and supportive. More than ever, your partner will need your support to overcome the addiction. Remember that relapses are common, with more than 85% of people relapsing within their first year of recovery.4 So, providing continued support and encouragement throughout a relapse is one of the best tips to offer. Talk to Someone You Trust About the Situation Going through an ordeal alone will weigh you down faster than you know. So, try to talk to someone you trust. This will help ease the stress, knowing that there’s comfort somewhere. Find Treatment If you have asked, “My husband relapsed, what do I do?” one of the best steps is to find a treatment for your relapsed partner. Treatment centers can provide proper recovery, therapy, and a prevention plan for future purposes. Keep Them Healthy A healthy diet and exercise are essential to the treatment process. Keep your relapsed partner healthy by going to the gym together and providing nutritious meals. Keep Yourself Calm Just when you think drugs and alcohol are a thing of the past in your household, suddenly, your partner relapses. You may not know how to react when a loved one relapses, but trying to remain calm is a great way to maintain emotions. Don’t Exert Control Over Your Partner Acknowledge from the start that you cannot control your partner’s decision to seek treatment. It is entirely up to them whether they decide to start the recovery process or not. Empower but Don’t Enable Your focus should be on helping your partner become sober. You would not do yourself or your partner any good if you helped them obtain the harmful substance or only
Does Opioid Relapse Restart Post-Acute-Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)?
What Is Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)? Post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) describes a collection of symptoms that might linger for weeks or months after quitting an addictive substance. The condition is characterized by signs and symptoms of those like anxiety and mood disorders, such as mood swings, sleeplessness, and elevated levels of worry even in the absence of obvious triggers.1 What Does PAWS Feel Like? The initial phase of PAWS makes one feel as though they are on an emotional rollercoaster, with mood swings ranging from happy to sad to angry. Though initially debilitating, these symptoms start to fade as a person advances further in their recovery. Individuals affected by PAWS may go a few weeks without experiencing any symptoms, and then wake up one morning with having experienced disrupted or restless sleep, intense exhaustion, fits of impatience, and hostility. How Long Does Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome Last? PAWS often lasts between six months and two years. How long a person actively used drugs or alcohol, how much was used, if there were any underlying mental diseases present, and prior psychiatric and medical histories can all affect how long they suffer from these symptoms. Signs and Symptoms of PAWS from Opioids Some common signs and symptoms of someone experiencing PAWS after opioid use include: Insomnia Aggression Anxiety Depression Inability to focus Unstable and unpredictable moods Panic attacks Fatigue Poor impulse control Drug cravings Does Opioid Relapse Restart Post-Acute-Withdrawal Syndrome? Relapse management is a crucial component of ongoing recovery. The brain has developed an abusive pattern as a result of an addiction. Retraining the brain takes time, so it shouldn’t be viewed as a sign that rehabilitation is failing, but rather as a natural part of the process. Being accountable, accepting the circumstances, figuring out the steps that caused it, and discussing it with a therapist or support group is crucial in order to continue recovering. Many patients wonder if they must restart the recovery process from scratch after relapsing. Usually, the answer is yes, as they will have to go through detox first again, and then start managing other symptoms and side effects that relapsing has created in their body and mind. The road to sobriety cannot be rushed. Retracing their steps can help to emphasize the principles necessary for a successful recovery, along with solidifying important behaviors in order for recovery to be successful.2 How to Treat and Help Prevent Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome There are many ways that one can help treat PAWS, along with some things you or a loved one can do at home. These will be detailed below. Avoid Potential Causes Potential relapse causes are essentially inevitable during the rehabilitation process. It’s critical to be aware of the individuals, circumstances, and sentiments that might lead to a relapse. When avoiding these causes is not always an option, group members in a support group, for instance, can assist a person in developing productive coping mechanisms.3 Be Patient It is important to avoid doing too much and worrying about the future or the past. It can be more helpful to focus on daily self-care and the successes that each day brings. Self-Care Self-care supports both physical and mental health, which lowers the likelihood that someone may turn to alcohol or drugs as a coping mechanism. Additionally, when a person is physically and psychologically at their best, it inspires them to strive for their greatest potential They are more motivated to abstain from drugs and have less of a hard time doing so because they are working toward meaningful goals. As a matter of fact, those in recovery have cited boredom and worry as causes for relapse. Lack of motivational factors like a meaningful purpose in life or connections with people are other potential causes. It is possible to relieve stress and worry and fill time with enjoyable activities by taking care of oneself. Exercise Regularly Exercise encourages the brain’s creation of feel-good neurotransmitters that give us a contented feeling. It lessens the likelihood of falling ill and developing certain diseases. Just simply moving is enough; it doesn’t have to be something too demanding or exhausting. Walking is a great kind of exercise. Assess Co-Occurring Disorders A dual diagnosis in the context of drug abuse and mental health therapy describes the occurrence of a substance use disorder and one or more co-occurring psychiatric disorders at the same time. When a patient has to deal with both a mental health condition and a substance use issue, they are said to be co-occurring disorders.4 A variety of mental illnesses listed in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorders, or generalized anxiety disorder may be among the co-occurring psychiatric conditions.4 Getting PAWS Treatment at San Diego Detox At San Diego Detox, we provide a comfortable and safe environment with intensive programs to give you the best treatment possible. Get help for yourself or a loved one struggling with substance abuse and PAWS. Contact us today. Causes And Risk Factors of Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome PAWS may occur as a result of changes in the brain’s stress response in that region during addiction. The stress reaction, however, can occur for a variety of causes. Here are a few causes and risk factors of PAWS. Homeostatic Adjustment Physical reliance on drugs or alcohol causes changes in brain chemistry over time; without the chemical that causes the release of neurotransmitters and endorphins, the body is unable to achieve homeostasis on its own. Without pharmacological assistance, the brain can take a while to fully regain homeostasis, which can result in mood swings, tiredness, cravings, and other psychological symptoms during PAWS. Chemical Changes in the Brain Drugs are, of course, chemicals. They interfere with the body’s communication system and the way that nerve cells process information as soon as they enter a person. For instance, some medications mimic the chemical signals sent naturally by the brain. Others, on the other hand, overcompensate the reward system. Neurotransmitters significantly
Drug Addiction Relapse Prevention
Understanding Relapse The term “relapse” describes the process of resuming drug or alcohol use after a long break. Addiction often results in relapses for many people who have attempted to reach and maintain sobriety, due to how much it can alter the brain’s chemistry and ultimately affect our mood and behaviors accordingly. Even after undergoing successful addiction treatment, the urges to relapse do not subside. This is why it’s important to exercise both compassion and understanding when it comes to addiction and relapse related matters. Addiction Relapse Overview According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, between 40-60% of patients with drug use disorders will experience relapse. This indicates that one may easily return to drug and alcohol use, just like how a person with heart disease or cancer may experience a relapse of symptoms having to do with their health condition as well.1 However, relapse does not mean that a person is doomed to relive their previous conditions of addiction. People can reintegrate into sobriety, even post-relapse, with the right support system and continuous effort and determination. Stages of Relapse The following are the common stages of relapse one might go through: Emotional Relapse: The first of the three stages of relapse is emotional relapse. The patient is not thinking about using the substance, but this stage is marked by the emergence (or reemergence) of unfavorable feelings like irritation, anxiety, or rage. Mental Relapse: This stage is marked by people actively exploring using substances again to deal with their emotional pain. It could first only begin as nostalgic thoughts about earlier drug-using periods. Physical Relapse: The last stage of drug usage is physical relapse, including the proactive actions used to get drugs. These can entail calling a dealer or going to a business that sells alcohol. Common Causes of Relapse It is essential to know specific causes that might result in a relapse, along with plans for how to potentially deal with that happening. The following are possible causes that might result in a relapse:2 Stress One of the top causes of addiction relapse is stress. Many people who battle addiction resort to their preferred drug or pastime as a maladaptive coping mechanism. Studies show that people who use drugs, alcohol, or other addictive behaviors more often have heightened desires under stressful situations, especially if they use that behavior or substance as their primary coping mechanism.3 People The ones who support a patient with addictive behavior might also cause a relapse. Even the family members could act as a cause, mainly if they make one feel more helpless and defenseless. The same is true for areas that conjure up memories of addiction for patients. Overconfidence During Recovery Although recovery is a never-ending process, some people start to believe that if they have overcome their condition that they no longer have to worry about “fully” relapsing. One may be tempted to take “just one” drink or hit, believing it won’t be a huge concern. While having a fair dose of self-confidence is crucial, self-awareness is also essential. Physical or Mental Illness Relapses in drug or alcohol use can be brought on by anxiety, panic, and other underlying psychological issues. The body is under stress from physical disease and discomfort, which increases the chance of relapsing. Prescription medications for physical and mental problems can affect consciousness and cause a relapse into addiction. Relationships and Sex There are various causes for why therapists advise not to go right into a new relationship during recovery. One is that starting new romantic relationships may increase your chance of relapsing. If one splits up with a new partner, one can turn to drugs again due to the stress. How to Create Relapse Prevention Plan for Drug Addiction There are many ways one can start the process for creating a relapse prevention plan. These include: Set a recovery goal: A recovery goal is fundamental in creating a relapse prevention plan, which may help foster the process and to avoid any loopholes Avoid places linked with substance use: You may want to avoid places you’ve been to when you were using the substance. Think deliberately: Don’t act subjectively. Instead, be deliberate about your thoughts and have a to-do list of your goals. Make a daily or weekly routine: A daily or weekly routine will help you maintain the plan and track your program. Know the warning signs: Be aware of the warning signs when they come. Create an emergency contact list: Create a list of your close friends and family members that are accessible in emergencies. Define actions to take: Know what steps to take beforehand. Relapse Prevention Skills There are many prevention methods you can employ in order to help with a potential relapse before it even happens. Some of these include: Self-care: Self-care helps to keep the body in proper shape. One must set goals for a daily self-care routine. Regular exercise: Exercising helps to release the hormone “dopamine” that is responsible for the feeling of happiness. It also helps to curtail the desire to relapse since one gets a very similar feeling they get when they use drugs or drink alcohol. Joining a self-help group: A self-help group with like-minded people can help to prevent relapse. Meditation: Meditation is good for the mind. It helps to clear negative thoughts in your mind and allows you to focus. Distracting and rewarding yourself: A distraction is good for you because it helps you forget about your worries, while rewarding yourself can give you encouragement to keep going through difficult times. Relaxation: While you relax, you allow your body to be energized and rejuvenated. Building a support network: Support from friends, family, and people you just met can also be helpful. Get Professional Help at San Diego Detox Today San Diego Detox’s goal is to assist those struggling with addiction to live extraordinary lives. We provide all-encompassing care for the complete person and are dedicated to improving addiction and mental health treatment’s effectiveness, efficiency, and affordability.
What Drugs Can Help in Benzodiazepine Withdrawal?
Benzodiazepine withdrawal occurs when a person who is physically dependent on benzodiazepines reduces or stops using them. Withdrawal symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe and potentially dangerous complications. Because benzodiazepines affect brain chemistry, withdrawal should be approached carefully. Medical supervision is often necessary to reduce risks and manage symptoms safely. What Is Benzodiazepine Withdrawal? Benzodiazepines are central nervous system depressants commonly prescribed for anxiety, panic disorders, insomnia, and seizures. When used for extended periods, the body can become dependent on them. Benzodiazepine withdrawal happens because the brain has adapted to the presence of the drug. When the medication is reduced or stopped, the nervous system becomes overactive, leading to withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal severity depends on factors such as dosage, length of use, type of benzodiazepine, and individual health. What Affects How You Stop Taking Benzodiazepines? Stopping benzodiazepines safely often requires a gradual taper rather than abrupt discontinuation. The tapering process allows the brain time to adjust. Healthcare providers consider several factors, including the specific medication used, how long it was taken, and whether other substances are involved. Attempting to stop suddenly can significantly increase withdrawal risks. Signs and Symptoms of Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms may be physical, psychological, or both. Symptoms often appear within hours or days after reducing or stopping use. Mild to Moderate Withdrawal Symptoms Mild to moderate symptoms may include anxiety, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, muscle tension, headaches, sweating, and difficulty concentrating. Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Timeline Withdrawal symptoms often follow a general pattern. Early symptoms may begin within 24 hours for short-acting benzos or several days for long-acting ones. Symptoms may intensify over the first several days. Acute symptoms often improve over time, though some effects may linger. Acute Withdrawal Symptoms Acute withdrawal symptoms can include panic attacks, tremors, nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and sleep disturbances. These symptoms can be distressing and disruptive. Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) Some individuals experience lingering psychological symptoms after acute withdrawal resolves. These may include anxiety, mood changes, and difficulty sleeping. PAWS can last weeks or months, depending on individual factors and treatment support. Coping With Withdrawal From Benzos Managing benzodiazepine withdrawal without medical support can be extremely challenging. Professional care helps reduce discomfort and prevent complications. Supportive strategies may include hydration, nutrition, emotional support, and medications prescribed by healthcare professionals. Attempting withdrawal alone increases the risk of relapse. What Drugs Can Help in Benzodiazepine Withdrawal? Certain medications may be used to manage withdrawal symptoms during medically supervised detox. These medications are selected based on individual needs. Buspirone Buspirone, like benzodiazepines, is a medication used to treat anxiety. However, unlike benzodiazepines, it has almost no potential for misuse and does not produce feelings of euphoria or pleasure. Buspirone works to treat just one benzo withdrawal symptom: anxiety. Flumazenil Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist. It is commonly used in reversing benzodiazepine overdose, but it can also provide tangible relief from several benzo withdrawal symptoms. Furthermore, this medication can provide relief from long-term benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, improving the chances of stopping benzodiazepines for good. Multiple studies show that flumazenil successfully alleviates withdrawal symptoms and significantly reduces relapse rates. Benzodiazepines Certain benzodiazepines are often used in benzodiazepine withdrawal treatment. Since suddenly stopping the use of benzos is dangerous, many detoxification centers will opt for a medically-controlled taper using drugs like diazepam. The difference between diazepam and benzodiazepines is minimal; diazepam belongs to the benzodiazepine class, but its effects last longer in the bloodstream than other common benzo drugs. In a medical taper, detox professionals will administer benzodiazepines in a controlled fashion. The dose and frequency of administration will drop over the period of a week or so, ensuring that any dangerous side effects of withdrawal are minimized. This can extend the benzo withdrawal timeline but increases safety and comfort. Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Risk Factors Certain factors can increase withdrawal severity. These include long-term use, high dosages, short-acting benzodiazepines, and co-occurring substance use. Underlying medical or mental health conditions may also affect the withdrawal process. Long-Term Recovery Planning Successful recovery from benzodiazepine dependence involves more than detox. Long-term treatment focuses on relapse prevention and addressing underlying causes of use. Ongoing therapy, medical follow-up, and support systems play an important role in sustained recovery. Get Benzo Withdrawal Help at San Diego Detox Benzodiazepine withdrawal can be complex and difficult to manage alone. Professional treatment improves safety and comfort during detox. San Diego Detox provides medically supervised detox designed to support withdrawal and long-term recovery in a structured, supportive environment. Contact us today at San Diego Detox to learn more about our extensive substance use disorder treatment services and how you could benefit from professional support. Frequently Asked Questions What are common symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal?Common symptoms include anxiety, restlessness, sleep problems (insomnia), irritability, nausea, appetite loss, dizziness, muscle aches, fatigue, and nervous energy. How long can benzodiazepine withdrawal last?Withdrawal often peaks within the first 5–14 days, but some symptoms can persist or fluctuate for weeks or even months depending on individual factors like how long the drug was used. Can benzodiazepine withdrawal be life-threatening?Yes — abrupt cessation, especially after long-term or heavy use, can lead to severe complications such as seizures, hallucinations, or psychosis. What is the safest way to stop taking benzodiazepines?The safest way is a medically supervised taper — gradually reducing the dose over weeks rather than stopping “cold turkey” to minimize withdrawal severity. Resources Alcohol’s Effects on Health – niaaa.nih.gov Short-Term Effects of Alcohol – drugfreeworld.org Sex Difference in Alcoholism – pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Do I Have an Alcohol Problem? – webmd.com
What Causes Tardive Dyskinesia
What Is Tardive Dyskinesia? Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder connected to the long-term use of specific drugs that treat mental health conditions. Tardive dyskinesia is recognized by involuntary, twitching movements that affect the facial muscles and other body areas. The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) defines tardive dyskinesia as a movement disorder that causes a range of repetitive movements in the face, neck, arms, and legs. The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are not within the person’s control. Unfortunately, struggles with TD disorder can make participating in everyday activities, including school, work, or socializing with friends, difficult and challenging. Is Tardive Dyskinesia Common? Compared to other medical and mental health conditions, tardive dyskinesia is not a common illness. Statistics suggest that approximately 500,000 people in the United States have TD disorder. Of those, as many as 70% are considered mild, and 3% of cases are classified as extremely severe.1 Tardive Dyskinesia Causes and Risk Factors TD disorder is a side effect of long-term use of specific medications, such as antipsychotics and neuroleptic drugs. These medications are widely prescribed in the mental health community to treat symptoms of mental health conditions, including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Common Medications That Cause TD Disorder Research suggests a link between long-term antipsychotic use and tardive dyskinesia. TD occurs more often in first-generation (typical) antipsychotics, accounting for 32.4% of occurrences, and less often in second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics, with 13.1% of occurrences.2 Typical Antipsychotic Medications Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Haloperidol (Haldol) Fluphenazine (Prolixin) Thioridazine (Mellaril) Atypical Antipsychotic Medications Long-Term Side Effects of Alcohol Aripiprazole (Abilify) Paliperidone (Invega) Risperidone (Risperdal) In addition to antipsychotics, other types of medications have been linked to causing tardive dyskinesia.3 Antidepressants Clomipramine (Anafranil) Fluoxetine (Prozac) Lithium Trazodone (Desyrel) Antiepileptic Drugs Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Phenytoin (Dilantin) Antianemics Metoclopramide (Reglan) Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Decongestants Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE Congestion) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Movement Disorder Medications Pimozide (Orap) Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) Other Risk Factors Although anyone taking an antiseizure or antipsychotic medication can develop TD disorder, some are at a greater risk than others. Research shows that women are more likely to develop TD than men, and post-menopausal women undergo a 30% increase after using antipsychotic medication for one year. In addition, studies indicate that older adults and African Americans are more at risk after long-term use of dopamine-blocking medications.4 There is no specific timeline for how long one can take an antipsychotic medication before the risk of TD increases. For example, some may take antipsychotic drugs throughout their lifetime yet never show signs of tardive dyskinesia. On the other hand, others may develop symptoms after taking antipsychotics for just a few months. Tardive Dyskinesia Diagnosis Symptoms of TD disorder do not appear overnight, as many outward signs of tardive dyskinesia require time. For some, symptoms may begin within a few weeks or months after starting antipsychotic medication. Others may require years or may never develop symptoms at all. The unpredictability of symptoms makes accurate diagnoses for TD increasingly difficult. Diagnosing tardive dyskinesia requires several steps to ensure an accurate diagnosis. Physical Exam The first step is a comprehensive physical exam. Primary care providers will measure movement ability. They often refer to the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, a five-point measurement that helps measure three specific factors related to tardive dyskinesia. These include the severity of movements, whether patients feel distressed due to movements, and whether they are aware of their TD movements. Additional Tests In addition to a physical exam, medical providers may request blood and urine tests, electroencephalogram (EEG) to test brain activity, and electromyography (EMG) to test muscle and nerve connections to rule out other disorders that may cause abnormal body movements. After ruling out other possible diagnoses, doctors can accurately diagnose TD and begin developing a tardive dyskinesia treatment program. Signs and Symptoms of Tardive Dyskinesia The most common symptoms of tardive dyskinesia include involuntary movements of the lips, tongue, and jaw. Examples include sticking out the tongue, “fish-like” movements of the mouth, and facial grimacing. TD disorder movements may also impact the hands, arms, legs, and feet. These individuals may experience rapid jerking movements of the arms or legs known as chorea. Conversely, TD symptoms may also present as slow or writhing movements called athetosis. Severe Symptoms Many people who develop tardive dyskinesia experience mild symptoms. However, serious health complications can occur in some situations. Examples of more severe complications connected to tardive dyskinesia include difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, speech difficulties, dental problems, and irreversible facial changes. Unfortunately, in some instances, even though one stops taking the antipsychotic medication that first caused tardive dyskinesia symptoms, some facial changes may be permanent. Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia Tardive dyskinesia treatment generally begins by gradually lowering the dose of the medication believed to have caused TD symptoms. The goal of tapering off medication is to allow people to stop using medications slowly and safely. However, if patients still need treatment, their doctor may prescribe a different medication. In addition, doctors may add a tardive dyskinesia medication to help improve movement symptoms. Adjusting Medication As noted above, the first step in tardive dyskinesia management often involves adjusting medications. Medications for tardive dyskinesia include valbenazine (Ingrezza) and deutetrabenazine (Austedo). These medications alter dopamine levels in the body and may help reduce the frequency of unwanted movements. In some instances, providers may look to more intensive treatment options, including prescribing clonazepam, a muscle relaxer to help reduce muscle rigidity. Supplements Some who struggle with TD symptoms may experience relief using over-the-counter supplements, such as Ginkgo biloba. However, note that patients considering taking over-the-counter supplements must first speak to their healthcare provider to ensure they do not adversely interact with other medications that lead to harmful side effects. Deep Brain Stimulation If prescription medications or supplements are ineffective in helping manage symptoms, doctors may suggest a procedure called deep brain stimulation (DPS). Some research evidence indicates deep brain stimulation may be effective; nonetheless, more research is needed to prove its effectiveness.5 Get Treatment at San Diego Detox If you or
How Easy Is It to Switch from Buprenorphine to Methadone
What is Buprenorphine and Methadone? Both buprenorphine and methadone are opioid drugs. Buprenorphine is a semi-synthetic compound and methadone is a fully synthetic compound. Both drugs help prevent or reduce withdrawal symptoms in those who struggle with opioid addiction.1 Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) There are many different types of treatment available for those affected by addiction, including medication-assisted treatment (MAT). MAT involves using medications to help ease withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse during treatment. One of the most commonly used medications in MAT is buprenorphine. However, some people may find that buprenorphine treatment is not effective for them and may want to switch to methadone. This article will discuss how easy it is to switch from buprenorphine to methadone and if it is a good idea to switch between the two medications. How is Buprenorphine and Methadone Used? The most common methadone and buprenorphine uses are during addiction treatment. Buprenorphine and methadone may be used during addiction treatment to help ease withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse from occurring. These drugs are often implemented as a form of drug replacement therapy to help taper someone off of another substance, such as an opioid drug.2 How Buprenorphine Works Buprenorphine works by binding to the opioid receptors in the brain. The effects of buprenorphine are weaker than other opioid drugs, which makes it a useful medication for drug replacement therapy to help someone slowly wean off of other opioid substances. There are many medical buprenorphine treatment uses, most notably that it is a safe and effective drug for addiction treatment. Common benefits of using buprenorphine drugs during treatment include: Lowering the potential for misuse Diminishing the effects of physical dependence to opioids Increasing safety in cases of overdose or substance abuse disorder3 Buprenorphine Alcohol Treatment There is a growing body of evidence that shows buprenorphine treatment helps people with alcohol addiction as well. It’s an effective treatment, and it can be combined with counseling or therapy for the best results. Buprenorphine Opioid Addiction Treatment Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid substance abuse disorders. It’s used to help people recover from dependency on heroin and other prescription opioid drugs. It helps patients slowly stop taking other substances in a safe and healthy manner. Should You Switch from Buprenorphine to Methadone? Making a transfer from buprenorphine to methadone treatment may be a reasonable option if a patient is having side effects, or if buprenorphine treatment isn’t effective for them. However, switching between the drugs could have unseen side effects or might make addiction treatment take longer, so if buprenorphine treatment is stable and effective, it is not recommended to make the switch. How Do You Switch from Buprenorphine to Methadone? In order to switch from buprenorphine to methadone treatment, buprenorphine and opioid drugs must be tapered off and stopped completely. Once a patient has completely stopped taking buprenorphine for two days, then methadone treatment can begin. This is due to the buprenorphine half-life, as the patient needs to ensure that buprenorphine is entirely out of the system before starting methadone treatments instead. This will prevent any methadone side effects or drug interactions from occurring and will help stabilize the patient before moving forward with continuing treatment. Side Effects of Methadone and Buprenorphine Common side effects of methadone and buprenorphine include: Constipation Nausea and vomiting Drowsiness and fatigue Dilated pupils Insomnia Sweating Respiratory distress Double-vision Although there can be side effects to taking these drugs, both methadone and buprenorphine can be very effective in addiction treatment. If you or a loved one are receiving buprenorphine or methadone treatment from a treatment center, treatment professionals will help ensure that you are as safe and comfortable during the treatment process. The Three Phases of Buprenorphine Treatment Buprenorphine addiction treatment will typically happen in three phases. When you or a loved one go to an addiction treatment center that uses buprenorphine treatment, they will ensure that you get the right buprenorphine dosage and will help manage any buprenorphine side effects to keep the treatment process as safe and effective as possible through each stage. The Induction Phase The induction phase is the beginning of buprenorphine withdrawal treatment. The induction phase must be medically supervised to ensure that there aren’t any side effects that occur and to keep the process as safe as possible. Due to buprenorphine drug interactions with other opioids, the induction phase should begin twelve to twenty-four hours after the final dose of another opioid drug has been taken.4 The Stabilization Phase The next stage in buprenorphine treatment is stabilization. This phase typically lasts one to two months and patients will usually be seen on a weekly basis to monitor the dosage and make sure that no negative side effects are occurring. Typically, people will reduce or stop their drug usage entirely during this stage. If drug use continues, the dosage should be adjusted accordingly. The Maintenance Phase Once someone reaches the maintenance phase, they will remain on buprenorphine indefinitely until it is determined they can manage their addiction on their own without a high risk of relapse. Some form of counseling or therapy is important during this phase for patients to work on skills and coping mechanisms to help them learn how to manage their addiction on their own. Patients who discontinue buprenorphine use should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Is Methadone Stronger Than Buprenorphine? While buprenorphine and methadone side effects may differ slightly, studies have shown that both drugs are equally as effective in addiction treatment and a dose of each substance has approximately the same effectiveness. Methadone has been around for much longer than buprenorphine, generally making it the more popular choice for addiction treatment centers to use. However, buprenorphine still is able to help patients with substance abuse treatment.5 Get Help at San Diego Detox If you or a loved one are struggling with addiction and have been prescribed buprenorphine, it may be a reasonable option to switch to methadone treatment if you are experiencing side effects or if
Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol: Is There a Link
What Are Bipolar Disorders? Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by alterations in mood. Bipolar mood swings dramatically affect one’s energy and ability to think clearly. Studies suggest that nearly 3% of the U.S population has bipolar disorder. Of those, 83% struggle with severe bipolar disorder.1 People with bipolar disease experience two primary symptoms—mania (or hypomania) and depression. The severity of these symptoms and how they impact day-to-day lives depend on the type of bipolar disorder and vary with each person. Mania Mania is a period of intense emotional highs. These periods lead to several manic episode symptoms, including excitement, impulsivity, and euphoria. Manic episodes also cause excessive energy, impacting people’s ability to sleep or rest. During a bipolar manic episode, people may also engage in undesirable or harmful behaviors, such as spending sprees, unprotected sexual encounters, or substance use. Manic episode symptoms may persist for several days or weeks. Hypomania Hypomania occurs with bipolar II disorder. Hypomania is similar to a manic episode; however, the “highs” are not as severe. In addition, unlike manic episodes, hypomania may not result in difficulties at work, school, or in social relationships. People with hypomania will still notice alterations in their mood, but they are not as significant as those with bipolar I disorder who experience mania. Depression During an episode of bipolar depression (sometimes called manic depression or bipolar depression disorder), feelings of hopelessness, lack of interest in hobbies, loss of energy, and deep sadness occur. Other challenges, such as excessive sleep, self-harm, and suicidal thoughts, may occur during depressive episodes. Severe bipolar depression symptoms typically last around two weeks. Types of Bipolar Disorder The onset of bipolar disorder usually occurs around the age of twenty-five but may appear during adolescence or, in rare cases, in children. There are four different types of bipolar disease diagnoses, each varying in symptoms and severity.2 Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar I disorder is characterized by the appearance of at least one manic episode. Someone with bipolar I may experience hypomanic or major depressive episodes before and after they experience a manic episode. This type of bipolar disorder affects both genders equally. Bipolar II Disorder People with bipolar II disorder experience shifts between hypomanic and depressive episodes. These episodes are not as severe as bipolar I, allowing people to function well in their daily routines. Bipolar I vs. Bipolar II The critical difference between bipolar I and bipolar II is the lack of manic episodes as a specific symptom. Bipolar I includes mania—bipolar II does not. Cyclothymia Someone with cyclothymia will experience episodes of hypomania and mild depression for at least two years. The duration and severity of symptoms are much less than in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Most people with cyclothymia only experience a month or two at a time when their moods are stable. Bipolar Disorder, Other Specified or Unspecified This diagnosis occurs when people do not fully meet the criteria of bipolar I, bipolar II, or cyclothymia but still experience episodes of abnormal mood fluctuation. Causes of Bipolar Disorder Science has yet to uncover a singular cause of bipolar disorder. However, they believe that several factors can contribute to its development. The most common causes or factors that may increase one’s risk for developing bipolar affective disorder include genetics, stress, and brain function. Genetics One of the primary risk factors for bipolar disorder is genetics or genetic predisposition. A child’s risk increases if a parent or sibling has a bipolar diagnosis. Stress Another risk factor for bipolar disorder is stress. Experiencing a stressful event, such as an illness, divorce, or the death of a loved one, can trigger bipolar disorder behaviors like depressive or manic episodes. Brain Structure and Function Although brain scans cannot specifically diagnose bipolar disorder, research has shown differences in the brain structure of individuals with bipolar disorder. In addition, abnormal levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine have been linked to bipolar disorder. Norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine help the brain and body function, such as regulating mood, impulsivity, sleep, learning, and memory.4 Is There a Connection Between Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol? Alcohol addiction and bipolar personality disorder are closely linked. Research shows that 31.5% of people with bipolar I disorder and 20.8% with bipolar II disorder struggle with alcohol dependency.3 While statistics verify there is indeed a connection between alcohol addiction and bipolar disorder, the reasons behind the relationship are poorly understood. Links, such as inherited traits (genetics) and mental health history, have been identified as possible connections between alcohol use disorder and bipolar personality disorder. Alcohol and Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder It is not uncommon for people to turn to alcohol to help dull the symptoms of mental illness, including bipolar disorder. Unfortunately, consuming alcohol can intensify the symptoms of bipolar disorder due to its sedative properties. Depressive Symptoms and Alcohol When someone struggles with the effects of bipolar disorder, the symptoms can be challenging to manage. Because alcohol is a depressant, drinking alcohol can intensify depressive episodes, worsening depression and anxiety. Mania Symptoms and Alcohol Conversely, alcohol use can intensify the severity of manic episodes. Some individuals may use alcohol during manic episodes to self-medicate for various reasons. The first may be to provide sedation to reduce the intensity of the emotions associated with manic episodes. Another reason may be to prolong the pleasurable effects of a manic state. Ongoing alcohol use with bipolar disorder can significantly worsen bipolar disorder symptoms in time. Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol Use/Withdrawal Another suggestion is that bipolar disorder symptoms may emerge and evolve with regular drinking and alcohol withdrawal. The detox and withdrawal process may hasten or trigger the development of bipolar symptoms. Some researchers have found that alcohol withdrawal may impact the neurotransmitters in the brain that are also affected by bipolar disorder.3 Complications With Bipolar Disorder When left untreated, the disorder only worsens, and the bipolar mood swings and other complications associated with bipolar disorder can lead to several complications in all areas of one’s life.